![]() ![]() On the northern (outward-facing) facade, the architrave and cornice have been cut back and a bronze inscription inserted, which is now lost attempts at reconstructing its text from the placement of cramp holes for the projecting tines of its letters have not been successful. The arch contains an inscription dedicated to Emperor Tiberius in 26/27 CE. Each façade has four semi-engaged Corinthian columns. ![]() The Triumphal arch of Arausio has three arches, the central one being larger than the flanking ones. To Tiberius Caesar, son of the divine Augustus, grandson of the divine Iulius, Augustus, pontifex maximus, exercising tribunician power for the twenty eighth time, Emperor for the eighth time, consul for the fourth time, given back to him by the administration of the colony (or refounder of the colony). Ti(berio) Caesar(i), divi Augusti f(ilio), divi Iuli nepoti, Augusto, Pontifici Maximo, Potestate XXVIII Imperatori IIX Co(n)s(uli) IIII restituit R(es) P(ublica) coloniae (or : restitutori coloniae) To the son of Iulius Caesar, to the emperor Caius Iulius Caesar Augustus, exercing the tribunician power for the eleventh time, the 36th cohors of volunteers and the city of Arausio Iulia, colony of the second legion, in remembrance of Egypt, Gallia Comata and defeated Germany, submitted to the payment of the tribute, elevated and dedicated this arch in the name of the whole country. Imp(eratori) Caio I(ulio) Cæ(sari) Augusto divi I(ulii) fil(io) Ægypt(o) Tr(ibunicia) P(otestate) XI comat(a) tribut(aria) Germania victaCoh(ors) XXXIII volunt(ariorum) (et) colonia Araus(io) I(ulia) secundan(orum) hunc arc(um) ded(icavit) publice IMP CAIO I CÆ AVGVSTO DIVI I FIL ÆGYPT TRP XI COMAT TRIBVT GERMANIA VICTA COH XXXIII VOLVNT COLONIA ARAVS I SECVNDAN HVNC ARC DED PVBLICE Operas such as Tosca, Aida, Faust and Carmen have been staged here, many with a sumptuous staging and also receiving outstanding acclaim.A first reading was proposed in 1862 by Pierre Hebert. Many top international opera singers have performed in the theatre, such as Barbara Hendricks, Plácido Domingo, Montserrat Caballé, Roberto Alagna, René Pape and Inva Mula. In 1971, the "New Chorégies" were started and became an overnight, international success. The festival, given the name Chorégies d'Orange in 1902 has existed annually ever since, and is now famous as an international opera festival. In 1869, the Roman theatre was restored and has been the site of a music festival. They cover the area between Orange, Nîmes and Montélimar. The Musée (Museum) displays the biggest (7.56 x 5.90 m) cadastral Roman maps ever recovered, etched on marble. The arch, theatre and surroundings were listed in 1981 by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The fine Triumphal Arch of Orange is often said to date from the time of Augustus or Tiberius, but is probably much later, perhaps Severan. The town is renowned for its Roman architecture and its Roman theatre is described as the most impressive still existing in Europe. Arausio covered an area of some 170 acres (69 ha) and was well endowed with civic monuments – as well as the theatre and arch, it had a monumental temple complex and a forum. A previous Celtic settlement with that name existed in the same place and a major battle, which is generally known as the Battle of Arausio, had been fought in 105 BC between two Roman armies and the Cimbri and Teutones tribes. Roman Orange was founded in 35 BC by veterans of the Second legion as Arausio (after the local Celtic water god), or Colonia Julia Firma Secundanorum Arausio in full, "the Julian colony of Arausio established by the soldiers of the second legion." The name was originally unrelated to that of the orange fruit, but was later conflated with it (see Orange (word)). It is located about 21 km north of Avignon. Orange (Provençal Occitan: Aurenja in classical norm or Aurenjo in Mistralian norm) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.
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